Phenoxyethanol is a widely used preservative in the cosmetic and personal care industry, valued for its broad compatibility and ease of use. It is most effective against Gram-negative bacteria and is often paired with other preservatives, such as potassium sorbate, to enhance protection against yeast and mold. Phenoxyethanol is stable up to 85 °C (185 °F) and remains effective across a wide pH range of 3 to 10, making it suitable for everything from lotions and creams to shampoos, conditioners, soaps, and color cosmetics. The typical usage rate is 0.25–1%, depending on the formulation and overall preservative system.
From a formulating standpoint, phenoxyethanol is highly versatile. It is soluble in most oils and has limited water solubility, while also being fully miscible with propylene glycol and glycerin, which makes incorporation straightforward in both water- and oil-based systems. In addition to its preservative function, it is commonly used in perfumery and fragranced products as a solvent and stabilizer, with a mild floral-like aroma that generally blends well into finished formulations. Phenoxyethanol can also act as a solvent for parabens and other preservatives, offering additional flexibility when designing effective preservation systems.
